Joseph b



('lodel.)

' J. vB. MARTIN.

Magnetic Grain Separator.

Pa'tented may 24, 1881.,

JIEZIOZZQIZL a mu. Mum, arm n. a

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH B. MARTIN, OF SILVER GREEK, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO HOWES,

. BABOOGK 85 EVVELL, OF SAME PLACE.

MAGNETIC GRAlN-SEPARATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 242,013, dated May 24, 1881.

Application filed April 5, 1881. (Model) T all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J OSEPH B. MARTIN, of Silver Creek, in the county of Chautauqua and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Magnetic Grain-Separators, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accompanyin gdrawlugs.

This invention relates more particularly to that class of magnetic grain-separators which are provided with an inclined surface over which the grain runs by gravity, and upon which the magnetic particles contained in the grain lodge, the magnetic particles being periodically removed from the inclined surface by a Wiper, scraper, or brush. The object of this invention is to obtain the greatest possible effect of the magnets upon the magnetic particles without bringing said particles in contact with the magnets; and it consists of the peculiar construction of the separator hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a magnetic separator 2 5 provided with my improvement. Fig. 2 is a section in line as m, Fig. 1.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in both figures.

A represents the frame of the separator, and

B a series of magnets arranged thereon side by side or in a transverse row, as clearly shown.

0 represents the feed-hopper, and l) the inclined conveying-surface extending from the bottom of the feed-hopper over and beyond 3 5 the magnets.

E is a strip or plate of Russia or sheet iron placed over the poles of the magnets from end to end of the entire series. The plate E is made of a thickness which permits the mag- 0 nets to thoroughly and strongly magnetize the surface of the plate. I have found that with magnets of the sizenow commonly used in such separators (which magnets are formed of barsteel having a cross-section of one and onefourth inch by three-fourths of .an inch) No. 25 Russia iron will give very good results. This strip of magnetic metal extends across the inclined surface D, directly over the poles of the magnets, and projects slightly beyond the poles, both above and below the magnets and 5 at the sides, but not to such a distance that the magnetic influence would not extend to the extreme edges of the strip E. The strip E is secured by screws to the inclined wooden boards F, which form the support for the inclined surface D.

G G represent a covering of sheet-zinc, applied to the boards F above and below the strip E, to confine the magnetic action to the surface of the strip E.

H represents the brush or wiper, which traverses the strip E from end to end and removes the magnetic particles which have accumulated thereon. The length of the brush equals or slightly exceeds the width of the strip E, so as to sweep the entire magnetic surface on which metallic particles will lodge.

Heretofore the poles of the magnets have either been exposed to the material from which the metallic particles were sought to be separated when the magnets retard the flow of the grain and are with difficulty freed from the adhering particles of iron, or the magnets have been covered with sheets of zinc or other nonmagnetic material; but these sheets must be 7 5 exceedingly thin in order not to interpose too great a resistance to the magnetic action; but in this case these metallic coverings are speedily worn through. It has also been proposed to construct the inclined surface over which the grain runs of iron; but this diffuses and weakens the magnetic action to such an extent as to render it impracticable. By my improved construction the magnetic action is confined to the strip E, which is not so thick as to lessen the effect of the magnets and thick enough to be durable, while the non-magnetic surfaces G are also made so thick as to withstand the .wear of the grain running over them. The

particles of iron are compelled to lodge in the go path of the wiper, and are thereby arrested and separated from the grain with certainty, and the magnetic attraction is equalized or evenly diffused over the entire surface of the strip E,

while with a non-magnetic covering the attrac- 9 5 tion is greatest ever the poles of the magnets and less over the spaces between the magnets. It is obvious that the lower non magnetic portion, G, of the eonveying-snrface may he omitted, and the grain be discharged directly from the lower edge of the magnetic strip into the spout, hopper, or other conduit or receptacle which is provided for its reception.

I claim as my invention- 1. Ina magneticseparator,thecmnhination, with magnets 13, of a conveying-snrfliee com posed 01' a strip, E, of magnetic material, arranged over the poles of the magnets and lying entirely within the magnetic region, and one or more nonmagnetic portions, (l, substantially as set forth. 

